MARITIME SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL LAW: LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING OIL SPILL AND THE IMPACT OF THE MARPOL CONVENTION ON GLOBAL SHIPPING PRACTICE
- NLR Journal
- Mar 29
- 1 min read
Updated: Mar 30
By S.Samewta, Sahaya Giyo J.F & Priyadharshini, S. Saveetha School Of Law, SIMAT.
Abstract
The maritime industry plays a crucial role in global trade, but it also presents significant environmental risks, particularly through oil spills and pollution. Over the years, various international legal frameworks have been established to regulate oil spill prevention and marine pollution. This article examines the legal framework governing oil spills, focusing on key international conventions such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC), and the Civil Liability Convention (CLC). These legal instruments establish liability, preparedness, and response mechanisms to mitigate oil spill incidents. Additionally, this article explores the impact of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), which has transformed global shipping practices by enforcing strict regulations on oil discharge, air pollution, and waste management. While MARPOL has significantly improved environmental protection in the maritime sector, challenges remain in enforcement and compliance. The article concludes by discussing future directions for maritime environmental law, including strengthening compliance mechanisms, adopting green shipping technologies, and enhancing global cooperation to ensure sustainable shipping practices.
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